2,300 year old port discovered in Akko
Antiquities Authority archeological excavations at the
foothills of Akko's southern wall have revealed apparatuses belonging to a port
which was operational in the Hellenistic period (2-3 century BC) – and was the
most important port in Israel at the time.
The findings were discovered during archeological
excavations being carried out as part of an Old Akko Development Company wall
conservation project, funded by the Israel Land Administration.
Initial evidence to the existence of the dock was first
discovered in 2009, when a section of flooring made of large chiseled sandstone
using what looks like the Phoenician construction style – typical of
construction in maritime locations.
The floor, which was discovered beneath sea level, raised
many questions among the archeologists; other than the possibility of a wharf
floor, another option raised by the archeologists was that it was the floor of
a large structure.
According to Kobi Sharvit, Director of the Antiquities
Authority Marine Unit, "Among the findings we discovered were large
mooring rocks (250-300 kilograms each) which were intermingled with the dock
and used to tie watercrafts that docked in the port 2,300 years ago.
"This unique and important find answers our question
over whether it was a port facility or structure floor."
Dozens of meters of what looks like a landslide of large
chiseled rocks that may have belonged to large structures or faculties. The
findings also reveal a clear picture of systematic and intentional destruction
that took place in ancient times at the port.
Sharvit adds that "In recent days we uncovered a
finding that brought up the possibility that we are digging up parts of Akko's
military port.
"It seems that the floor between the walls slants in
a southerly direction with a few collapsed stones in the center. We can assume
that this is an apparatus used to lift ships to shore – most likely,
warships."
According to Sharvit "only continued archeological
excavations can confirm or disqualify the claims."
The ancient port floor was uncovered beneath the
facilities. There, they found mooring rocks and thousands of pottery fragments
including dozens of intact pieces and metal ware. Initial identification
processes indicate that many of the pieces originated in islands on Aegean
including: Rhodes, Kos and others as well as other port cities on the
Mediterranean shores.
The discoveries are firm archeological evidence of the
location of the Hellenistic port and may even prove the location of a military
port.
Sharvit stressed that before these excavations, the
location of the port was unclear. Remnants of the port were found in
excavations held at the beginning of the 80s by the late Dr Elisha Linder and
the late Professor Avner Raban near the new marina.
Now, for the first time, portions of the port that meet
the ancient shoreline and Hellenistic city have been revealed. "Sadly
portions of the dock continue beneath the Ottoman wall – portions which we will
mot likely not be able to excavate in the future, Sharvit added.
Nonetheless, excavations will continue on portions of the
port heading towards the sea and the port in attempts to try and discover the
purpose of the port and whether there is any connection between the port's
destruction and the destruction carried out by Ptolemy in 312 BC, the
destruction caused by the Hasmonean revolt in 167 BC or another event.
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